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style='width:60.0%;mso-cellspacing:0cm;background:#DAEEF3;mso-background-themecolor: accent5;mso-background-themetint:51;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'> <td valign=top style='padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <h1 align=center style='margin-top:18.0pt;text-align:center'><a name=top></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>CREATION.<o:p></o:p></span></h1> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-no-proof:yes'><img width=700 height=15 id="_x0000_i1026" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20de%20la%20Mesopotamie%20Creation_fichiers/line.png"></span><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> <td valign=top style='padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:13.05pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Lorsque Là-haut le ciel n avait pas encore de nom, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Et qu'Ici-bas la terre n'avait pas de nom, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Seuls, Apsû, le primordial, le géniteur, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Et Tiâmat, la génitrice qui les enfantera tous, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Mêlaient en un seul tout leurs eaux : <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Ni bancs de roseaux n'y étaient encore agglomérés, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Ni cannaies n'y étaient discernables. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Des dieux nul n'était encore apparu, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:55.65pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Ils n'étaient ni nommés ni dotés de leur destin. </span><span style='font-size:13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:13.05pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Le poème de la Création de l'univers qui porte le nom de Enuma Elish, les deux premiers mots du récit, a été retrouvé sous forme de 7 tablettes cunéiformes pratiquement intactes dans la biliothèque de Ninive et date sans doute du XIIe siécle avant notre ère. <br> Un texte similaire, dans lequel Mardouk était remplacé par Ashur, dieu tutélaire assyrien, existait en Assyrie.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:13.05pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><a name=debut></a><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>LEGENDE <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:13.05pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>A l'aube des temps, avant l'existence de la terre et des cieux, les eaux primordiales étaient entremêlées. De cette source de création émergèrent trois générations de dieux, dont les derniers représentants sont <a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/anou.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Anu</span></a> et <a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/ea.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Ea</span></a> (équivalent du dieu sumérien Enki). <br> Les jeunes dieux étaient si turbulents qu'ils dérangent leur ancêtre, <a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/apsou.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Apsu</span></a>, qui décida de les détruire sur les conseils de son vizir <span class=green>Mummu</span>. Son plan fut déjoué par Ea, qui plongea Apsu dans un lourd sommeil et s'empara des profondeurs liquides où il s'installa en compagnie de son épouse <span class=green>Damkina</span>. <br> Celle-ci donne naissance à <a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/mardouk.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Mardouk</span></a>, dont la vigueur troubla <a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/tiamat.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Tiamat</span></a>, épouse d'Apsu. Encouragée par les autres divinités supérieures, Tiamat se prépara à combattre Mardouk et rassembla une horde de monstres et de serpents conduite par son fils Kingu. Ea demanda à Mardouk de relever le défi. Celui-ci accepta à la condition d'obtenir, en cas de victoire, le titre de chef suprême des dieux. Mardouk fut doté d'armes au pouvoir irrésistible dont les sept vents. Il soulèva une tempête et emprisonna Tiamat dans ses filets. Puis il défit l'armée en fuite et fit prisonnier Kingu, à qui il déroba les tablettes du Destin. <br> Plus tard, Mardouk divisa le corps de Tiamat. De la partie supérieure, il forma la voûte céleste avec étoiles et planètes, de la partie inférieure, la terre. De ses yeux, il fit couler le Tigre et l'Euphrate, et se servit de sa queue comme d'un bouchon pour empêcher les eaux de l'Apsu d'inonder la terre. Mardouk confia les tablettes du Destin à Anu afin qu'il les mette en lieu sûr, puis il fut intronisé par l'assemblée des dieux. <br> Accusé d'avoir provoqué la révolte, Kingu fut exécuté. Ea crée l'homme en mélangeant le sang de Kingu à de l'argile : désormais les dieux <span class=green>Annunanki</span> furent délivrés des labeurs. Pour remercier Mardouk, ils érigèrent un sanctuaire en son honneur et donnèrent à celui-ci le nom de Babylone. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:13.05pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><a name=ico></a><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>SOURCES <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.75pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:13.05pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;mso-no-proof:yes'><img border=0 width=30 height=9 id="_x0000_i1025" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20de%20la%20Mesopotamie%20Creation_fichiers/fleche30.gif"></span><em><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Lorsque les dieux faisaient l'homme</span></em><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'> de J. Bottéro et S.N. Kramer Editions Gallimard (1989)</span><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:30.0pt'> <td style='padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt;height:30.0pt'><!-- bas de page--></td> </tr> </table> </div> <p class=no><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p class=no><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> </body> </html>