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<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="65%"
style='width:65.0%;mso-cellspacing:0cm;background:#DAEEF3;mso-background-themecolor:
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<td valign=top style='padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'>
<h1 align=center style='margin-top:18.0pt;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:
5.0pt;margin-left:12.45pt;text-align:center'><a name=top></a><span
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:
text1'>DELUGE.<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><span
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:
text1;mso-no-proof:yes'><img width=700 height=15 id="_x0000_i1025"
src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Deluge_fichiers/line.png"></span><span
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:
text1'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
<td valign=top style='padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Le récit du déluge
dont le premier texte date de 1700 avant notre ère avec l'Epopée d'Atrahasis
a été repris dans l'Epopée de Gilgamesh (Tablette XI) avec comme héros
Utnapishtim chez les babyloniens ou nommé Ziusudra dans les sources
sumériennes,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><a name=debut><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>GREVE <o:p></o:p></span></b></a></p>
</div>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='mso-bookmark:debut'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;
mso-themecolor:text1'>Le mythe babylonien se situe au temps où les divinités
de moindre importance (Igigi) doivent travailler dur au service des grands
dieux (Annunaki) qui vivent dans l oisiveté la plus complète. Cette situation
finit par provoquer une révolte, les Igigi cessèrent le travail et même
brisèrent leurs outils en attendant qu une solution convenable aux deux
parties soit trouvée. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span style='mso-bookmark:debut'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>SOLUTION <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
</div>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='mso-bookmark:debut'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;
mso-themecolor:text1'>Ce fut Enki qui trouva la solution et il demanda à la
déesse-mère de créer l'homme afin qu'il se charge des durs labeurs. Enlil
ordonna la mort du dieu Wê-ilu et mélangea son sang avec un peu
d'argile. De cette boue sur laquelle elle avait craché pour insuffler la Vie,
la déesse-mère Ninmah forma sept couples d'humains et définit les règles de
la procréation. Désormais, la destinée des hommes était de se reproduire et
de travailler au service des dieux. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span style='mso-bookmark:debut'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>NOUVEAUX PROBLEMES <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
</div>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='mso-bookmark:debut'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;
mso-themecolor:text1'>Au début les Annunaki et les Igigi se félicitèrent de
cette merveilleuse solution qui permettait aux uns comme aux autres de bénéficier
d un bon repos et d une grande tranquillité. Mais après quelque temps,
l'humanité remplit la terre et les cieux du bruit incessant qui dérangea la
paix des dieux. Enlil s'efforça de remédier à cette situation en envoyant sur
terre épidémies et famines afin de décimer la population. Ses plans furent
déjoués par Enki, qui conseilla à Atrahasis, le Très Sage, de présenter des
offrandes aux dieux de l'agriculture et de la guérison. Furieux d'avoir
échoué, Enlil décida d'envoyer alors sur terre un terrible déluge qui
engloutirait une fois pour toutes l'humanité. Il fit jurer aux dieux de le
soutenir dans son action et il leur interdit toute communication verbale avec
les humains, mais il fut une fois encore trahi par Enki, qui apparut à
Atrahasis en rêve et lui ordonna de construire un bateau et d'y embarquer
avec sa famille et divers animaux.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span style='mso-bookmark:debut'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>DELUGE <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
</div>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='mso-bookmark:debut'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;
mso-themecolor:text1'>Ses plans furent déjoués par Enki, qui conseilla à
Atrahasis, le Très Sage, de présenter des offrandes aux dieux de
l'agriculture et de la guérison. Furieux d'avoir échoué, Enlil décida
d'envoyer alors sur terre un terrible déluge qui engloutirait une fois pour
toutes l'humanité. Il fit jurer aux dieux de le soutenir dans son action et
il leur interdit toute communication verbale avec les humains, mais il fut
une fois encore trahi par Enki, qui apparaît à Atrahasis en rêve et lui
ordonna de construire un bateau et d'y embarquer avec sa famille et divers
animaux.<br>
Adad, dieu de l orage et de la pluie, précédé de Shoulla et Hanish, déclencha
le déluge. Erragal, dieu de la peste, arracha les poteaux qui soutiennaient
les cieux, Ninourta, fils d Enlil, fit déborder un barrage, les Annunaki
allument des torches et embrasent le ciel. La pluie tomba à seaux durant six
jours et sept nuits.<br>
La tempête fut si terrible que même les dieux en furent effrayés et se
réfugièrent au ciel d'Anu. Au septième jour, les eaux se retirent et il
constata que son bateau s'était échoué sur le mont Nishir. Atrahasis relâcha
une colombe et la colombe s'en fût, mais elle revint. Ensuite, il relâcha une
hirondelle et l'hirondelle s'en fût, mais elle revint. Enfin, il relâcha un
corbeau et le corbeau s'en fût, mais ayant trouvé le retrait des eaux, il
picora, croassa, s'ébroua, et ne revint pas. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span style='mso-bookmark:debut'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>DECRUE <o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
</div>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='mso-bookmark:debut'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;
mso-themecolor:text1'>Les dieux furent désemparés, particulièrement la
déesse-mère, qui pleura la mort de ses créatures. Atrahasis prit une colombe
et la lâcha ; la colombe s'en fût, mais elle revint. Ensuite, il prit
une hirondelle et la lâcha ; l'hirondelle s'en fût, mais elle revint.
Enfin, il prit un corbeau et le lâcha ; le corbeau s'en fût, mais ayant
trouvé le retrait des eaux, il picora, croassa, s'ébroua, et ne revint pas.
Lorsque les flots se retirent, Atrahasis procéda à son premier sacrifice et
Enlil fut rendu fou de rage par cette nouvelle trahison car les dieux
s étaient précipités comme des mouches au-dessus du sacrificateur. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:
0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>CONCLUSION <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
</div>
<p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt;
margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Mais Enki lui
expliqua qu'il est allé trop loin car les dieux dépendent des hommes pour
leur existence. Il conseilla à Enlil de limiter son courroux et de ne punir
que les hommes qui le méritent, puis il s'engagea à prendre des mesures afin
de réduire la population terrestre. Enki décréta la création des femmes
infertiles, des prêtresses vouées au célibat et de la mortalité infantile,
représentée par un démon ravisseur d'enfants. En récompense de ses exploits,
Atrahasis obtient la vie éternelle.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=no style='line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='font-size:13.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=no style='line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='font-size:13.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=no style='line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span
style='font-size:13.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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