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font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} </style> <![endif]--> <meta http-equiv=title content="Mythologica.fr, les mythologies du monde entier"> <meta content="mythologie, mythe, legende, deesse, dieu, heros, histoire, civilisation, divinite" name=keywords> <meta content=document name=resource-type> <meta content="15 days" name=revisit-after> <meta content=mythologie name=classification> <meta content=ALL name=robots> <meta content=Global name=distribution> <meta content=General name=rating> <meta content=AT name=copyright> <meta content=clio name=Author> <link media=screen href="/assets/styles/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/screen.css" type="text/css" rel=stylesheet> <link media=print href="/assets/styles/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/print.css" type="text/css" rel=stylesheet> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="8194"/> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit"> <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFCC" background="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image002.jpg" lang=FR link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:35.4pt'> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <v:background id="_x0000_s1025" o:bwmode="white" fillcolor="#ffc"> <v:fill src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image002.jpg" o:title="Parchemin" type="tile"/> </v:background></xml><![endif]--> <div class=Section1> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="90%" style='width:90.0%;mso-cellspacing:0cm;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'> <td width="78%" valign=top style='width:78.16%;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <h1 align=center style='margin-top:18.0pt;text-align:center'><a name=top></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>GILGAMESH<o:p></o:p></span></h1> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-no-proof:yes'><img width=700 height=15 id="_x0000_i1039" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/line.png"></span><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="21%" style='width:21.84%;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'></td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> <td width="78%" valign=top style='width:78.16%;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/Gil_44.jpg" target="_blank"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:windowtext;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><img border=0 width=200 height=503 id="_x0000_i1038" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/gilgamesh2.jpg" alt=Gilgamesh></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><br> <span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Gilgamesh Palais de Sargon<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor: text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Gilgamesh est un roi à demi légendaire de la cité d'Ourouk (Uruk), vers 2600 avant notre ère. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>D'origine sumérienne, ce récit s'est transmis d'abord de manière orale, puis il fut écrit vers 2000 avant notre ère à Babylone. La version la plus achevée, écrite sur douze tablettes, a été retrouvée à Ninive, dans la bibliothèque du roi syrien Assourbanipal (668-627 avant notre ère). Elle comprend 3400 vers répartis sur douze tablettes: <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 1 - Présentation de Gilgamesh et d'Enkidu<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%;tab-stops:381.3pt'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height: 150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 2 - Rencontre de Gilgamesh et d'Enkidu<span style='mso-tab-count:1'>                   </span><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 3 - Décision d'aller combattre Humbaba; inquiétude d'Enkidu et du peuple. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 4 - Voyage vers la Forêt des Cèdres<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 5 - Combat contre Humbaba, le gardien de la Forêt des Cèdres<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 6 - Combat contre le Taureau céleste<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 7 - Lamentations d'Enkidu<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 8 - Agonie et mort d'Enkidu<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 9 - Gilgamesh part à la recherche de l'immortalité<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 10 - Rencontre de Gilgamesh avec Siduri, Urshanabi, et Utanapishtim<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 11 - Récit du déluge<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:55.0pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;line-height:150%;color:#7030A0'>Tablette 12 - Evocation du monde infernal <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p align=center style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom: 5.0pt;margin-left:16.55pt;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Les six premières développent un grand thème héroïque dont voici un aperçu.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Celui qui a tout vu, [Sha nagba imuru]. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Celui qui a vu les confins du pays, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Le sage, l'omniscient <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Qui a connu toutes choses, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Celui qui a connu les secrets, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Et dévoilé ce qui était caché <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Nous a transmis un savoir <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:397.95pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>D'avant le déluge. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:423.65pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Monarque semi-légendaire Gilgamesh, &quot;celui qui a tout vu&quot;, est le héros à la fois despotique et humain d'une longue épopée mainte fois remaniée qui est la base de la littérature antique. Les exploits du cinquième roi d'Ourouk, évoquent ceux d'Ulysse et d'Héraclès et offrent une réflexion sur la vie éternelle, l'amitié et l'art de vivre. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Selon les versions, il serait le fils de la déesse Ninsun et du roi-guerrier Lugalbanda, ou celui d'un grand prêtre. &quot;<em>Pour deux tiers il est dieu, pour un tiers il est homme.</em> &quot; De plus, <a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Shamash.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Shamash</span></a> lui a donné la beauté, et <a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Adad.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Adad</span></a>, le courage. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='text-align:justify'><span style='font-size:13.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><a name=debut></a><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>NAISSANCE D'ENKIDU.</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:28.85pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:303.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>« La courtisane Shamhat enlève ses vêtements dévoile ses seins, dévoile sa nudité et Enkidu se réjouit des charmes de son corps. Elle ne se dérobe pas, elle provoque en lui le désir. Elle enlève ses vêtements et Enkidu tombe sur elle. Elle apprend à ce sauvage en quoi réside la force de la femme. Il la possède en rut et s'attache à elle, six jours et sept nuits. Lorsqu il est rassasié de son buisson parfumé, il revient vers ses compagnons mais en le voyant les gazelles se détournent de lui et les bêtes sauvages le fuient. » <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Tablette 1<o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:18.3pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:303.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Pour mettre un frein à la fougue tyrannique du roi Gilgamesh, les dieux qui reçoivent les doléances de son peuple, demandent à la déesse Aruru de faire naître dans le désert un homme fort et sauvage, Enkidu ou Enkidou (la créature d'<a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Ea%20-%20Enki.htm"><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Enki</span></a>), qui saura s'opposer à l'activité fébrile du roi. Aruru fabrique avec de l'argile un être à l'image et à l'essence d'Anu, dieu du ciel, et de Ninurta, dieu de la guerre. Dans un premier temps Enkidu va vivre totalement à l'écart de la civilisation&nbsp;; il broute l herbe en compagnie des gazelles et partage la vie des bêtes sauvages qui sont ses seuls amis. Il détruit les pièges que posent les chasseurs qui ne manquent pas de venir se plaindre auprès du roi&nbsp;; ce dernier &nbsp;décide de le faire venir à sa cour en lui envoyant une femme pour le convaincre. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div align=right> <table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="80%" style='width:80.0%;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid black .5pt; mso-border-themecolor:text1;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=492 valign=top style='width:368.75pt;border:none;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>«&nbsp;Mange du pain, Enkidu :<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>C est indispensable pour vivre <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Bois de la bière : <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ici, c est obligatoire! <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Il mangea donc du pain <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Jusqu à plus faim ! <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et il but de la bière : <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Sept pots ! <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Son âme, alors, fut à l aise et contente, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et son corps, dans un tel ravissement <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 142.75pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='color:#C00000'>Que son visage s éclaira!&nbsp;»&nbsp;</span><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:#C00000'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Au cours des six jours et sept nuit qu'il passera avec <span class=green>Shamhat</span> il va découvrir son humanité et l'amour mais c'est au détriment des ses anciens compagnons qui s'écartent de lui au trou d'eau où ils avaient l'habitude de venir boire. Elle le décide d aller à Ourouk pour découvrir la ville et sa civilisation; lors du trajet, pour la première fois, il mange et boit des aliments de la civilisation fabriqués par des bergers et il est obligé de combattre les bêtes sauvages qui désormais le fuient. De plus par l'intermédiaire de rêves qui vont l'informer de son destin tout au long du récit, il sait que le roi lui-même, Gilgamesh, va être son rival. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt'><span style='font-size:13.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>LA RENCONTRE</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>.</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"'> <span class=blue><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-no-proof:yes'><img border=0 width=480 height=257 id="_x0000_i1037" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/gilgamesh8.jpg"></span><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><br> <span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Enkidu sous la forme semi animale combat Gilgamesh.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> </div> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Aussitôt entré dans la ville, il est accueilli par une foule en liesse, on lui offre à boire et à manger, on l'oint avec des huiles précieuses. Il a maintenant l'aspect d'un homme civilisé; mais l'aspect seulement, Gilgamesh refuse de le voir et demande Shamhat de l'emmener hors de sa vue. Elle commence alors à apprendre au jeune rustre tous les raffinements de la vie civilisée et de la morale humaine; Enkidu change complètement sa façon de vivre. Au cours d'un deuxième rêve, le héros s'imagine être aux <a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Enfers.htm"><span style='color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Enfers</span></a>, et il en déduit que sa mort est proche. Pourtant il va s'opposer au roi que sa tyrannie révolte. Un jour, alors qu'il assiste à un mariage, il interdit l'entrée au roi venu pour exercer un droit de premier mâle. Les deux hommes vont se livrer un dur combat. Dans la version sumérienne, Gilgamesh vainc Enkidu, qui devient son serviteur, alors que dans la version babylonienne, les deux hommes sont de même force et il devient l'ami du roi.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>HUMBABA ET LA FORET DE CEDRES.</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'> <span class=blue><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> </div> <div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-no-proof:yes'><img border=0 width=400 height=300 id="_x0000_i1036" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/humbaba.jpg" alt=Humbaba></span><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><br> <span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Humbaba attaqué par Gilgamesh et Enkidu<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Gilgamesh brûle d accomplir un exploit extraordinaire qui laisserait à jamais son nom gravé sur les tablettes d argile et dans la mémoire des hommes. La rencontre d Enkidu lui en fournit l occasion, et tous deux décident de réaliser ensemble prouesses sur prouesses. Gilgamesh a déjà décidé de tuer le géant Humbaba et forge des armes puissantes Avant de commencer une entreprise si difficile, les deux amis prient Shamash, dieu du soleil, et se rendent chez la mère du roi, prêtresse du dieu. Enkidu, à vrai dire, est un peu effrayé et essaie de persuader son ami de renoncer à une entreprise si hasardeuse. Les citoyens d Uruk, à leur tour, ont peur. Tout esprit héroïque leur fait défaut ils essaient donc de dissuader leur roi. Après une dernière prière à Shamash et de nouveaux conseils de prudence, les deux amis s'en vont.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.75pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>«La hauteur des cèdres est de soixante-douze coudées, la largeur de vingt-quatre coudées. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.75pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ils contemplent et admirent.»<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.75pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>En trois jours, alors que le voyage normal aurait demandé un mois et demi, ils se rendent sur la Montagne, couper les cèdres qui y poussent. Après ce long voyage, ils arrivent à l entrée de la forêt et s étonne devant la taille des arbres. L entrée de la forêt des cèdres, interdite aux mortels, est gardée par le géant <span class=green>Houmbaba</span> (ou Khoumbaba) &quot;le grand mal&quot;. C est un démon terrible, ses dents sont celles d un dragon, sa face celle d un lion, ses pieds sont des serres et il se défend en émettant une série de cris qui glacent d épouvante quiconque les entend. De plus ce fils de la Montagne est protégé des dieux, enfin pas tous, car Shamash interviendra au moment décisif.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>«Seul on ne peut vaincre mais deux ensemble le peuvent, l'amitié multiplie les forces, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>une corde triple ne peut être coupée <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>et deux jeunes lions sont plus forts que leur père.» <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Mais Enkidu est saisi de peur et les forces lui manquent pour continuer. Alors Gilgamesh le raisonne et le soutient moralement. Ils pénètrent finalement dans la forêt où les cèdres dressent leurs troncs immenses et c est au tour de Gilgamesh de faiblir. Mais les voilà enfin face à face avec le monstre qui se moque : <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Quel fou t a conseillé de venir ici ? <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Mais tu es accompagné d Enkidu, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Cet enfant de poisson ? <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ce fils de tortue ? <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>C est avec ce sauvageon que tu veux me défier ?<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>Le combat est terrible; heureusement que Shamash intervient et jette dans la bataille les treize grands vents: Le Vent du Nord, le Vent du Sud, le Vent d Est, le Vent d Ouest, le Vent-Souffleur, le Vent-Tourbillon, le Vent-Mauvais, le Vent-Poussières, le Vent-Gel, le Tourbillon, la Tempête, la Tornade et l Ouragan, qui bloquent le géant afin qu'il ne puisse plus bouger. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>«Ô divin Shamash tu as promis à ma mère, Ninsoun, d'être près de moi. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ne m'abandonne pas, ne t éloigne pas de moi, entends mon appel.» <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>C'est la fin du combat, Khumbaba supplie Gilgamesh de l'épargner; il lui offre ses meilleurs bois. Celui-ci est sur le point d'accepter, mais Enkidu l'engage à tuer l'ennemi. Les deux héros frappent violemment Humbaba. qui en mourant prononce cette malédiction : <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>« Que leur amitié disparaisse& <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Qu ils n aient pas le temps de vieillir& »</span> </p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Malgré leur fatigue, nos deux héros prennent leur butin tandis d épaisses ténèbres s abattent sur la Montagne des Cèdres. Ils comprennent trop tard que les dieux ne voulaient pas de cette exécution, <br> Le dieu de la terre, Enlil, est très en colère, et décide de les tuer. Shamash intervient et obtient que seul Enkidu meure plus tard. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>LE TAUREAU CELESTE.</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> </div> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Allons ! Gilgamesh, sois mon amant !<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Que toi tu sois mon époux et moi ton épouse !<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Je te ferai atteler un char de lapis-lazuli et d'or, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Entre en notre demeure, dans le parfum du cèdre. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Quand tu entreras en notre demeure,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ceux qui siègent sur des trônes baiseront tes pieds,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ils se prosterneront sous toi les rois, les seigneurs et les princes<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=citation35g1 style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:409.35pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/Gil_7.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext;mso-no-proof: yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><img border=0 width=257 height=308 id="_x0000_i1035" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/gilgamesh1.jpg" alt="Gilgamesh et le taureau"></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"'><br> <span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Gilgamesh terrasse le taureau<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>La déesse Ishtar est séduite par l'héroïque roi d'Uruk et essaie de lui faire du charme, mais le monarque repousse avec dédain les avances de la grande déesse; il l'insulte même, en lui reprochant violemment sa vie de luxure qui, par vice, se donne aux hommes et même aux animaux. La déesse, furieuse de l'injure subie, prie le dieu Anu de venger sa honte, en pétrissant un taureau céleste, capable de terrasser et de tuer Gilgamesh. Ishtar menace de détruire les remparts de enfers alors Anu accède au désir de la déesse et un taureau gigantesque descend sur la terre, mais Enkidu l'affronte immédiatement et le tue. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Allons ! Je révélerai tes prostitutions.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>A Tammouz, l'amant de ta jeunesse,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Année par année, tu lui as fixé ta lamentation <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>L'oiseau « petit-jardinier », le bariolé, tu l'aimas, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et tu le frappas et tu brisas son aile !<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Tu as aimé le lion, parfait en vigueur,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et tu lui as creusé sept et sept fosses<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Tu as aimé le cheval, fier dans le combat,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et tu lui as destiné la courroie, l'aiguillon, le fouet. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Tu as aimé le berger, le pasteur,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Chaque jour il t'immolait des chevreaux,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Tu l'as frappé et en léopard tu l'as changé [...] <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et moi tu m'aimeras et comme ceux-là tu me métamorphoseras !<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:409.35pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:14.65pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 16.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt; mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'>La colère d'Ishtar se déchaîne à nouveau ; elle se rend sur les murailles de la ville d'Uruk, d'où elle lance les injures les plus atroces au roi, en le maudissant. Enkidu se saisit alors d'un (du?) membre du taureau abattu, et le jette en signe de moquerie aux pieds de la déesse. Gilgamesh détache les cornes du taureau, qui peuvent contenir au moins six vats(?) d'huile, et les destine aux onctions rituelles du culte de Lugalbanda, pour qui il avait une vénération toute particulière. Après quoi les deux amis, s'étant lavés les mains dans l'Euphrate, regagnèrent Uruk parmi les acclamations du peuple. Après les fêtes célébrées en l'honneur des deux héros, fêtes qui se terminent par un banquet. Enkidu a de nouveau des rêves de mauvais augure. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p align=center style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;mso-no-proof:yes'><img border=0 width=700 height=15 id="_x0000_i1034" src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/line.png"></span><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>D'inspiration toute différente sont les six autres chants. Les deux héros, grisés par leurs succès, ne se sont pas aperçus qu'ils sont tombés dans la démesure et qu'ils encourent le châtiment divin.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>LA MORT D'ENKIDU</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Un jour Enkidu tombe gravement malade, pendant douze jours il va lutter contre son mal et la mort qui le guette. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 12.45pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div align=center> <table class=MsoTableGrid border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="90%" style='width:90.0%;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;mso-border-insideh:none;mso-border-insidev: none'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=411 style='width:308.05pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p align=center style='margin-right:16.05pt;text-align:center;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f"> <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/> <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/> <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/> <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/> <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/> </v:formulas> <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/> <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="Image_x0020_16" o:spid="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="GilgameshCover420.jpg" style='width:199.5pt;height:2in;visibility:visible; mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image004.jpg" o:title="GilgameshCover420"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=266 height=192 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image007.jpg" alt=GilgameshCover420.jpg v:shapes="Image_x0020_16"><![endif]></span><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=601 style='width:451.0pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Pourquoi ne fuirais-je pas par la campagne ? <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Enkidu, mon ami, mon petit frère, panthère du désert, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Mon ami qui avec moi tuait des lions,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Mon ami qui avec moi affrontait toutes les difficultés, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Son destin l'a saisi ;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Six jours et six nuits sur lui j'ai pleuré ;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Puis j'eus peur de la mort et je m'enfuis par la campagne.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Mon ami que j'aimais est devenu semblable à la boue,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et moi, faudra-t-il me coucher comme lui, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 37.1pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>et ne me relever plus à jamais ? <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left: 12.45pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Malgré tous les soins attentionnés, à l'aube du treizième jour, Enkidu expire entre les bras de son ami. Ainsi s'accomplit le songe funèbre, qui l'avait troublé au début du poème. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Gilgamesh, désespéré, entonne une lamentation funèbre en l'honneur de son incomparable compagnon et pleure pendant six jours et six nuits. Il sait que, lui aussi, devra mourir et une peur panique le fait s'enfuir. Toutefois il espère mériter la vie éternelle, à l'instar des dieux et du héros du Déluge Universel, <a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/utnap.htm"><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Utnapishtim</span></a>. A cet effet, le roi abandonne tout et décide d'aller demander à ce bienheureux personnage le secret de l'immortalité.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:12.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><a name=ico></a><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver; mso-highlight:silver'>LES HOMMES-SCORPIONS</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>L'Épopée évoque, ici, le voyage long et harassant entreprit par le Roi pour arriver à la demeure d'Utnapishtim, dans l'île des Bienheureux. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt; margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_17" o:spid="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="homme-scorpion.jpg" style='width:217.5pt;height:222.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image011.jpg" o:title="homme-scorpion"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=290 height=297 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image011.jpg" alt=homme-scorpion.jpg v:shapes="Image_x0020_17"><![endif]></span><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor: text1'><br> Homme-scorpion<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>La première des épreuves est de se débarrasser des lions puis il arrive au mont Mashu ou Mashou (les monts Jumeaux) qui se compose en effet de deux monts jumelés sur lesquels repose la voute des cieux et c'est là que chaque soir le soleil vient traverser le tunnel qui s'enfonce sous la terre et qui le conduit vers l'Est. <br> La porte de la montagne est gardée par les terribles hommes-scorpions (un mâle et sa femelle), dont la tête touche à la terrasse des cieux et dont la poitrine atteint les Enfers. A leur vue, Gilgamesh sent son visage pâlir de crainte et d'effroi; il reprend néanmoins ses esprits et s'incline devant eux. <br> En fait les hommes-scorpions reconnaissent en lui &quot;la chair des dieux&quot; et après être lui avoir demandé les raisons de sa visite, lui ouvrent la porte aux vantaux de cèdre. <br> Il chemine dans une obscurité épaisse pendant onze doubles-heures et par une de plus s il ne veut pas être brûlé par l astre solaire. Enfin, la lumière brille de nouveau, et Gilgamesh se trouve dans un jardin merveilleux qui s'étend le long de la mer et où les arbres portent, à la place de fruits, des pierres précieuses de toutes les couleurs. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>CHEZ SIDURI</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>Pourquoi donc rôdes-tu Gilgamesh? <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#C00000'>La vie-sans-fin que tu recherches, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Tu ne la trouveras jamais. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Quand les dieux ont créé les hommes,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Ils leur ont assigné la mort, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Se réservant l'immortalité à eux seuls, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Toi, plutôt, remplis-toi la panse; <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Demeure dans la joie jour et nuit; <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Fais quotidiennement la fête; <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Danse et amuse-toi, jour et nuit; <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Habille-toi de vêtements bien propres; <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Lave-toi, baigne-toi, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Regarde tendrement ton enfant <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Qui te tient par la main, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Et fais le bonheur de ta femme serrée contre toi, <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:399.15pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span style='color:#C00000'>Car telle est l'unique perspective des hommes</span> </p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.15pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:366.85pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Au bord de ce rivage splendide, vivait &nbsp;&nbsp;Siduri, la cabaretière des dieux, établie là pour accueillir on ne sait qui&nbsp;; elle prit peur en voyant arriver le héros sale et vêtu de peaux de bêtes qu elle prit tout d'abord pour un assassin. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Elle s enferma à double tour dans sa taverne mais &nbsp;Gilgamesh menaça d enfoncer la porte et de briser le verrou si elle n ouvrait pas rapidement. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Il se fit connaître en racontant brièvement ses aventures et lui demanda des renseignements nécessaires pour la suite de&nbsp; son voyage. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>La déesse consentit alors à l'écouter, mais elle s'étonna de son aspect négligé et mal en point. Elle lui montra d'abord l'inutilité de son voyage et lui proposa de rester sur la plage avant de lui donner finalement les informations demandées. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Il poursuit sa quête en allant tuer les Etres de Pierre du passeur Ur-Shanabi qui, sensible aux tourments du roi, accepte de le conduire à Utanapishti grâce aux perches de bois qu'il a ramassées.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Aidés par les vents de&nbsp; Shamash, il arrive sur la rive d'Utanapishti mais Gilgamesh est changeant; chez lui, le pire côtoie le meilleur et a du mal à accepter les paroles sensées du dieu. Le paysage se transforme au rythme des sentiments qui animent le roi. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1; background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>LE DELUGE</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Gilgamesh y rencontre Utnapishtim et son épouse, et demande au Héros du Déluge comment il a obtenu l'immortalité. Ce dernier commence son histoire en partant de l'époque où il habitait à Shuruppak. Il décrit ensuite comment les dieux décidèrent de détruire l'humanité par le Déluge universel. Ea lui révéla alors le dessein des dieux, en lui enjoignant de construire un bateau où il pourrait monter avec toute sa famille, les animaux et les plantes. Les dieux accourent, mais ils sont encore irrités à cause de la punition trop cruelle infligée aux hommes. Enlil, pour les amadouer, se réconcilie avec Utnapishtim, le bénit et lui concède ainsi qu'à son épouse l'immortalité.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1; background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>LA DECEPTION</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Utnapishtim lui propose une expérience à Gilgamesh: qu'il demeure six jours sans dormir, et à son tour il pourra devenir immortel. Il échoue. Alors le roi d'Uruk reprend le chemin pour revenir à la ville ; en cours de route, il se fait montrer par Utnapishtim une herbe au fond de la mer, porteuse du souffle vital, appelée &nbsp;«&nbsp;Le vieillard rajeunit&nbsp;». Gilgamesh plonge au fond de la mer, y trouve l'herbe magique. Mais tandis que le roi s'arrête près d'une source pour se laver, un serpent sort à l'improviste d'un trou, s'empare de l'herbe et disparaît. Le roi pleure, parce qu'avec cette herbe il a perdu la jeunesse éternelle. Il retourne quand même à Uruk. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver;mso-highlight:silver'>LA CONCLUSION</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Toujours plus inquiet sur son propre sort, il consulte l'ombre de son ami mort, qui, par une permission toute particulière du roi des Enfers, Nergal, revient sur la terre et répond aux questions angoissées du roi, concernant la vie dans le monde souterrain et beaucoup d'autres problèmes. L'épopée se termine ainsi <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Mais, bizarrement, la 12e tablette reprend le fil du récit avec Enkidu et y ajoute une péripétie : pour aller y chercher <em>&quot;la baguette&quot;</em> et <em>&quot;le cerceau&quot;</em> de Gilgamesh, Enkidu fait le voyage aux Enfers, dont il reste prisonnier. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Son fantôme parvient toutefois à s'en échapper brièvement et rapporte à Gilgamesh de ce qu'il y a vu. Unique enseignement : au pays des morts, celui qui dans sa vie n'a eu qu'un fils <em>&quot;pleure amèrement&quot;</em>, quand celui qui en a eu sept est <em>&quot;assis en compagnie des dieux&quot;</em> et <em>&quot;écoute de la musique&quot;</em>. L'immortalité du héros, c'est la survivance littéraire de ses exploits, disent les onze premiers pavés d'argile ; l'immortalité de l'homme du peuple, c'est la pérennité de sa lignée, ajoute<em> </em>in extremis le douzième.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt; margin-left:12.55pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><a name=gene></a><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1;background:silver; mso-highlight:silver'>FILIATION</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> </span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:13.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="30%" style='width:30.0%;mso-cellspacing:0cm;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'> <td width="50%" style='width:50.0%;background:#FEEBEB;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.05pt; margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:4.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><a href="http://mythologica.fr/mesopotamie/ninsun.htm#gene"><span style='color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Ninsun</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="50%" style='width:50.0%;background:#BBEEFF;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.05pt; margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:4.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Lugalbanda<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> <td colspan=2 style='background:#BBEEFF;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.05pt; margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:4.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>GILGAMESH<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'> <td width="50%" style='width:50.0%;background:#FFFFCC;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.05pt; margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:4.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Epouse* / amante<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="50%" style='width:50.0%;background:#FFFFCC;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:8.05pt; margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:4.5pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center; line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Enfants<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td style='background:#FEEBEB;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td> <td style='background:#BBEEFF;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td> </tr> </table> </div> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>SOURCES</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black; mso-themecolor:text1'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:16.05pt;margin-bottom: 0cm;margin-left:12.55pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><em><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Choix de textes religieux assyro-babylonnien</span></em><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'> du père Dhorme; Paris 1907 <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:12.55pt; margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height:19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule: exactly'><em><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Le grand homme qui ne voulait pas mourir.</span></em><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor: text1'> par Jean Bottéro, Gallimard, NRF, Paris, 1994.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify;line-height: 19.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span style='font-size:13.0pt; color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </td> <td width="21%" valign=top style='width:21.84%;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:20.0pt'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor:text1'>Divinités<br> du panthéon mésopotamien&nbsp; <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Adad.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Adad / Ishkur</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Adapa.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Adapa</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Anou.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>An / Anu &amp; Antu</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Anshar.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Anshar &amp; Kishar</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Apsu.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Apsu / Abzu</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Ashour.htm">Ashour</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Atrahasis.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=FR style='mso-ansi-language:FR'>Atrahatis</span></a></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Ea%20-%20Enki.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Ea</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20de%20la%20Mesopotamie%20Etana.htm" target="_blank">Etana</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20enlil.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Enlil / Ellil</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20ereshkigal.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>Ereshkigal</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Geshtinanna.htm" target="_blank">Geshtinanna</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20ishtar.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Ishtar / Inanna</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Kingou.htm" target="_blank">Kingu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20mardouk.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Mardouk</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20de%20la%20Mesopotamie%20Mylitta.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>Mylitta</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Nabu.htm" target="_blank">Nabu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Nergal.htm" target="_blank">Nergal</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Ninhursag.htm" target="_blank">Ninhursag</a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Ninurta.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Ninurta</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20ninsun.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Ninsun</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Pazuzuz.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Pazuzu</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20shamash.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Shamash / Utu</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20sin.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Sin / Nanna</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20tammouz.htm" target="_blank"><span lang=EN-US style='mso-ansi-language:EN-US;text-decoration: none;text-underline:none'>Tammouz / Dumuzi</span></a></span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20tiamat.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Tiamat</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Outnapishtim.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Utnapishtim</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20deluge.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Déluge</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20de%20la%20Mesopotamie%20Creation.htm" target="_blank"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Création</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20de%20la%20Mesopotamie%20G%C3%A9nies.htm" target="_parent"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Génies</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Enfers.htm" target="_blank"><span style='color:#183962;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Enfer</span></a>s<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><a href="/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Textes%20Sumeriens%20-%20Gilgamesh%20-%20l%19%20Atrahasis.htm"><span style='text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Textes et littérature sumérienne</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:26.4pt;line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><a href="/assets/documents/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/gilgamesh_texte-integral.pdf"><span style='text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'>L épopée de Gilgamesh, la traduction intégrale</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/stele-du-code-dahammurabi.gif" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#183962;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/stele-du-code-dahammurabi.gif" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:196.5pt;height:264.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image001.gif" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=262 height=353 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image001.gif" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_9"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'>Sommet de la stèle du code d Hammourabi sur laquelle est représenté le roi debout devant le dieu Shamash<br> <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>vers 1792-1750 av J-C<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/sumer01.jpg" target="_blank" title="Cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:#183962;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_10" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/sumer01.jpg" target="_blank" title="Cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:210.75pt;height:153.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t"/> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image003.jpg" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=281 height=205 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image013.jpg" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_10"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:#183962'>La Mésopotamie à l époque de Sumer<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.4pt;text-align:center; line-height:20.0pt'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/les-ruines-de-la-grande-ziggurat-daur-au-sud-de-lairak.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#183962;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_11" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/les-ruines-de-la-grande-ziggurat-daur-au-sud-de-lairak.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:206.25pt; height:90pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t"/> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image006.jpg" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=275 height=120 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image015.jpg" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_11"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'>Les ruines de la grande ziggurat Daur au sud de Lairak<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/inscriptions-cunaiforme-et-bas-reliefs_victoires-darius-falaise-de-behistun.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";color:#183962;mso-no-proof:yes;text-decoration:none; text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_12" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/inscriptions-cunaiforme-et-bas-reliefs_victoires-darius-falaise-de-behistun.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:205.5pt;height:154.5pt; visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t"/> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image009.jpg" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=274 height=206 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image017.jpg" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_12"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'>Les inscriptions en cunéiforme et les-<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>bas-reliefs commémorant les victoires de Darius sur la falaise de Behistun en Iran<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/uruk01.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962;mso-no-proof: yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_13" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/uruk01.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:212.25pt;height:146.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t"/> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image012.jpg" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=283 height=195 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image021.jpg" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_13"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'>Le site d Uruk<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/uruk03.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962;mso-no-proof: yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_14" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/uruk03.jpg" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:210.75pt;height:145.5pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t"/> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image014.jpg" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=281 height=194 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image022.jpg" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_14"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'>Le site d Uruk<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><a href="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/images/untitled.bmp" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir"><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962;mso-no-proof: yes;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Image_x0020_15" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" href="images/untitled.bmp" target="_blank" title="cliquer pour agrandir" style='width:205.5pt;height:246.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square' o:button="t"> <v:fill o:detectmouseclick="t"/> <v:imagedata src="Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image016.png" o:title="cliquer pour agrandir"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'><img border=0 width=274 height=329 src="/assets/images/CD-Bible/Gilgamesh/Mythologie%20mesopotamie%20%20Gilgamesh_fichiers/image024.jpg" alt="cliquer pour agrandir" v:shapes="Image_x0020_15"></span><![endif]></span></a><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'>Gilgamesh  combat contre les lions<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:26.35pt;text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#183962'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:30.0pt'> <td width="78%" style='width:78.16%;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt; height:30.0pt'><!-- bas de page--> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=197 style='width:147.85pt;mso-cellspacing:0cm;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes; height:15.0pt'> <td width="100%" style='width:100.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:15.0pt'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:black;mso-themecolor: text1'>Copyright © Mythologica.fr<br> 2001 - 2008 <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </td> <td width="21%" style='width:21.84%;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt; height:30.0pt'> <div align=center> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="0%" style='width:.32%;mso-cellspacing:0cm;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes; height:15.0pt'> <td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:15.0pt'></td> </tr> </table> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <p 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